Varken resurs eller problem : om lågutbildade ungas etablerings- och försörjningsmöjligheter

• This thesis explores labour market opportunities for young people based on the assumption that these opportunities vary depending on the local socio-economic context (level of education, level of income, the proportion of employed within the population). The situation for young people with low education, i.e. those who have not completed grundskolan (primary school) or gymnasieskolan (upper secondary school) is specifically focused. The thesis explores two conditions of importance for low-educated young people:the possibilities of developing elements of vocational education/training within the introductory programmes of the Swedish gymnasium (upper secondary school) andto what extent public labour market policy and municipal social welfare meet the needs of low educated young people with low income. In the thesis, quantitative and qualitative methods are combined. Official statistics, primarily from Statistics Sweden (SCB), are used to explore how the impact of socio-economic context on labour market establishment patterns of young people can be understood and made visible. This is done by summarizing a collection of favourable and less favourable conditions and outcomes related to the establishment patterns of young people at the municipal level in Sweden. Statistics related to individuals who have been registered in Malmö has also been used. Information about where the individuals have been living and about their family and educational background enables an understanding of the impact of the socio-economic context but also makes it possible to explore the effects of educational orientation. The qualitative material of the thesis consists of interviews with 14 representatives of the social partners, including both employer and union representatives, as well as representatives from the Swedish National Agency for Education (Skolverket) and Swedish Public Employment Service (Arbetsförmedlingen).An important observation in the thesis is that the vast majority of the group with a precarious establishment situation, i.e. an income below two price base amounts, do not receive social assistance or state benefits from the employment service. A follow up of individuals who were registered in Malmö and attended year 6 of primary school in Malmö in 2008, shows that among those defined as NEET:s the majority lacked completed upper secondary education, and only a small proportion of them received any social benefits.The results of the thesis also indicate that educational orientation is of great importance for young people's establishment and support opportunities. Young people with a background in one of the upper secondary school's vocational programmes are to a greater extent employed and have higher incomes compared to those with no upper-secondary education and those with a background in a university preparatory program. This also applies to the group that did not conduct any studies during the follow-up year. Furthermore, the results indicate that vocational education also has positive effects on those who started but did not complete such an education.The results of the thesis also indicate that there is scepticism among the social partners to employ low-educated young people and young people who have attended the upper secondary school's introductory programmes. The respondents of the thesis expressed scepticism about expanding the elements of vocational education within the introductory programmes.

Keyword

Arbetsmarknad

utbildning

arbetslöshet

yrkesutbildning

social stängning

etablering

work-welfare cycling

Hälsa och samhälle

Health and society

Publication and Content Type

vet (subject category)

dok (subject category)